Stan discusses the US-government definition of a patent, the rights that patents confer, and the disclosure neccesary to obtain a patent. He also provides a brief background on the history of the patent system.
An explanation of what copyright law intends to protect (doctrine of "originality"), and some things copyright does not protect (like names or slogans).
This clip explains what rules something must abide by in order to obtain trademark protection, and lists the numerous things (sounds, logos, names, etc.) that can be trademarked. Stan also gives an example of how some things, such as flavor, cannot be trademarked, and why that is the case.