Pope Alexander VI dines with King Charles VIII of France, and the two evidently have an alliance. King Charles requests the Pope's help in his plan for the conquest of Naples, and the Pope offers him support.

Guy of Lusignan surrenders the city of Jerusalem to Ayyubid sultan Salah ad-Din under the terms that none of the Christians residing in the city will be harmed. When Guy asks what Jerusalem is worth, Salah ad-Din indicates that Jerusalem is worth both nothing and everything. Jerusalem, the Holy Land, is important to both parties because their respective religions, Christianity and Islam, were believed to originate from the city.  Ultimately, the Muslim armies under Salah ad-Din captured or killed most of the Christian forces, and thus Muslims gained military power over Jerusalem.

Cardinal Rodrigo Borgia is elected as Pope Alexander VI. This clip depicts a pivotal conclave: Pope Alexander will guide the Catholic Church at the outset of the Age of Exploration and confirm Spain's claims of sovereignty in new realms.

Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the city notice board. The theses, which started the Reformation, challenge the practices of the Catholic church and widely-held beliefs. The 95 Theses spread rapidly throughout Europe, earning Luther many supporters and opponents.

William, a squire, is publically punished for impersonating his master, Sir Ector, in jousting competitions. He is placed in a pillory and food is thrown at him. Prince Edward, who William befriended during his jousting competitions, orders the guards to take him out of the pillory and knights him as "Sir William".