Charlie explains, at a high level, how prime numbers are used in modern encryption. He mentions that solving the Riemann Hypothesis could help decrypt current present day encryption, unlocking passwords and bank account information.

In this clip, Charlie lectures about the Riemann Hypothesis in his graduate number theory course.

In this clip, there were several mathematical topics that were mentioned by Charlie to solve the problems including the Riemann hypothesis, other Millenium problems, and encryption.